Liquid distribution apparatus for distributing liquid into a seed furrow

ABSTRACT

An extension for use with a planter, drill, or other farming implement having a seed tube that deposits seed in a furrow. The extension defines protrusions for attaching one or more liquid distribution apparatuses arranged to distribute liquid in a furrow well above the seeds, on the seeds, or both.

CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No.10/228,688 entitled “Liquid Distribution Apparatus for DistributingLiquid into a Seed Furrow” filed Aug. 26, 2002 now U.S. Pat. No.6,763,773, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 09/832,740entitled “Liquid Distribution Apparatus for Distributing Liquid Into aSeed Furrow” filed Apr. 9, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,453,832 B1, whichis a non-provisional application claiming priority to provisionalapplication 60/195,942 filed Apr. 10, 200, and which is acontinuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/563,106 entitled“Extension for Reducing Seed Bounce and Associated Hose Attachment”filed May 2, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,283,050 B1, which is acontinuation of application Ser. No. 08/881,177 entitled “Extension forReducing Seed Bounce and Associated Attachment Brackets” filed Jun. 23,1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,082,275, which is a continuation-in-part ofapplication Ser. No. 08/550,088 entitled “Extension for Reducing SeedBounce” filed Oct. 30, 1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,640,915. The contentsof these applications are hereby incorporated by reference in theirentirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to agricultural seed planters and drills, and moreparticularly to seed planters and drills that include apparatus adaptedto properly place seeds in a seed furrow and further include liquiddistribution apparatus for distributing liquids within the seed furrow.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Agricultural seed planting is typically accomplished by multi-rowplanters and drills. Each planter and drill comprise a plurality of rowunits adapted for opening a seed furrow, depositing seeds within thefurrow, and closing the seed furrow around the seeds.

The placement of the seeds in the furrow greatly effects the growthcharacteristics of the plants. The seeds are deposited in the seedfurrow through a seed tube attached to the row unit. The seed tube isdesigned to deposit the seeds in the bottom of the furrow. However, asthe seeds descend through the seed tube, they are prone to bouncing,which ultimately affects where the seeds lie in the furrow. In addition,the seeds may bounce off the soil when they land in the furrow, whichalso affects where the seeds lie in the furrow. To properly place theseeds in the bottom of the furrow an extension may be fixed to the seedtube to properly direct the seeds into the vertex of the furrow.

In addition to properly placing the seeds in the vertex of the furrow,it is oftentimes also desirable to provide various liquids in the furrowalong with the seeds to facilitate plant growth and the ultimate cropyield. The liquids included in the furrow may be liquid fertilizers,liquid insecticides, liquid starters, inoculants, and water. However,problems can arise when providing liquid directly into the furrow alongwith the seeds. Drenching the seed in fertilizer may result in burningthe seed which has a negative impact on plant growth and the ultimatecrop yield. Accordingly, it is desirable to place liquids in the furrowalong with the seeds without drenching seeds. In some instances, it isdesirable to place liquid in the furrow well above the seeds to furtheravoid the risk that the liquid will come in contact with the seeds.Distributing a liquid higher on the seed V walls also allows a higherconcentration of fertilizer, insecticide, or other liquid to bedistributed in the furrow without negatively impacting seed growth.

Numerous benefits are derived from in-furrow liquid distribution, suchas maximizing the effectiveness of the liquid introduced into thefurrow, in some situations reducing the volume of a particular liquidrequired to achieve a desired effect in other situations increasing thevolume or concentration of a liquid to achieve a desired effect, andminimizing the time required for a particular liquid to effect the seed.

Liquid fertilizer placement disks may be added to the planter row unitsfor placing liquid in a separate trench next to the seed furrow. Theliquid fertilizer placement disks create a trench about 2 inches to theside of the seed furrow and about two inches deep and deposit liquidinto the trench, which is commonly referred to as 2×2 fertilizerapplication. The liquid fertilizer disks, however, are very expensive,require large amounts of fertilizer because of the remote location fromthe seeds, and do not provide for in-furrow distribution of liquid.

Referring to FIGS. 1A–1E, an in-furrow liquid dispensing device isillustrated, the device connected with a KEETON SEED FIRMER™. The seedfirmer is adapted to press seeds into the seed furrow as shown in FIG.1A. The device includes a diverter, which is shown in FIG. 1D and shownin section in FIG. 1F, plugged into a hose running along the length ofthe seed firmer. The diverter defines a first liquid diversion channeland a second liquid diversion channel for diverting liquid adjacent theseeds embedded in the furrow by the seed firmer as shown in FIG. 1B.Referring to FIGS 1F–1G, a liquid dispensing device as illustrated inU.S. Pat. No. 6,082,274 to Jeffrey Peter is shown connected with aKeeton Seed Firmer.

There are several potential disadvantages and problems with the liquiddispensing devices illustrated in FIGS 1A–1G. One potential problem isthat these liquid dispensing devices have small diameter openings forthe liquids to pass through. For example, the liquid diversion channelsof the diverter are about 1/16″ diameter outlets. Heavier fertilizers insome instances do not flow evenly from these small diameter outlets.Additionally, when used with heavy materials such as fertilizer thatrequire a larger opening to pass through, these devices may plug-up andstop the flow of material. When plugging occurs, inadequate amounts ofproduct will be placed in the furrow by the plugged lines.

Another problem is that to avoid plugging, the liquid must be dilutedwith water. For heavy liquid fertilizers, it has been found that theliquid dispensing device in some instances functions most efficiently ifthe liquid fertilizer is diluted so that the fertilizer flows evenly andwithout plugging. Diluting the fertilizer, however, causes problems forthe application because to obtain the appropriate amount of liquid inthe furrow a greater volume of liquid (fertilizer diluted with water)has to be delivered into the furrow through the smaller holes in thedelivery system. The greater volume of liquid in the furrow additionallyproduces wetness in the furrow that can cause the press wheels to buildup with mud, which, in turn, leads to closing problems with the presswheels.

Another important consideration is location—just where in the furrow theliquid is placed. The devices illustrated in FIGS. 1A–1G in someinstances distribute liquid on the seeds, or oftentimes within ¼″ oneach side of the seeds in the furrow. Accordingly, the seeds are manytimes drenched in liquid, or the liquid is within from about ⅛″ to about¼″ of the seed. Besides the unwanted effects caused by drenching theseeds in some liquids, putting any fertilizer in such close proximity tothe seed, especially in drier soil, draws the moisture out of the soilaround it, pulling it in close to the seed. The concentration of liquidadjacent the seed may cause it to germinate more quickly than it wouldhave under normal conditions, and early growth may be accelerated. Ifdry soil conditions persist, then the seed may run out of moisture forthe tap root and nodule roots to pick up, which may stunt the growth ofthe emerging crop and in some instances result in the death of the crop.

It is to overcome the problems that arise when seeds are directlyimmersed in various liquids and the cost and effectiveness of otherdevices that may be used to introduce liquids into a furrow that thepresent invention and its various embodiments were developed.

There are some instances, however, when it is preferable to distributeliquids such as fertilizer directly on the seeds in the furrow, as maybe achieved with a single outlet hose device. Accordingly, it wasrecognized that it would be desirable to provide a single device thatmay distribute liquid in the furrow without drenching the seeds, andhave the same device be convertible to also distribute fertilizerdirectly on the seeds, as needs dictate. This convertible embodiment ofthe present invention would have the benefit of allowing farmers toquickly reconfigure the device from, for example, a seed drenchingconfiguration to an in-furrow liquid distribution that does not drenchthe seeds.

It was further recognized that it would be beneficial to be able toreconfigure the device from a single outlet configuration to a twooutlet configuration, or vice versa, at the liquid supply tank or at theextension. If reconfigured at the extension, such reconfiguration shouldbe consistently achieved. Furthermore, when the liquid distributiondevice is being used, the risk that it is inadvertently dislodged bydebris in the furrow, the jostling of the tractor, and the like, ormisoriented during installation or reconfiguration should be lessened tothe extent possible so that liquids are not deposited in unintendedportions of the furrow. It was also recognized that it would bedesirable to be able to distribute one type of liquid directly on theseed while distributing a second liquid adjacent the seeds.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One aspect of the present invention involves an extension and liquiddistribution apparatus that may be used with a planter, drill or otherfarm implement. Particularly, the extension may be used with a planterfor properly placing seeds in a furrow. The planter includes a liquidsupply hose for use in distributing liquid into the seed furrow. Theseed furrow typically has a centrally located bottom portion and a firstsidewall and a second sidewall, the sidewalls extending upwardly andoutwardly from the centrally located bottom portion of the furrow. Theextension comprises an elongate flexible body member defining agenerally arcuate shape which provides a generally downwardly andrearwardly sweeping orientation, and also defining an upper segment anda lower segment. The upper segment may be attached to the planter.

The lower segment is configured to depend downwardly and rearwardly fromthe planter and extend into the furrow. A first and second protrusionsextend upwardly from the upper surface of the lower segment, and areadapted to support a liquid distribution apparatus therebetween.

Embodiments of the present invention may be used to distribute liquidwell above the seeds in the vertex of the furrow and may be used todistribute liquid directly on the seeds in the vertex of the furrowdepending on the liquid being applied. Embodiments of the presentinvention may also be readily converted from a configuration thatdeposits liquids directly on the seeds in the vertex of the furrow to aconfiguration that deposits liquid well above the seeds along thesidewalls of the furrow, or vice versa. Embodiments of the presentinvention may also be configured to distribute more than one type ofliquid into the furrow. Embodiments of the present invention may alsodirect seeds into the vertex of the furrow.

The foregoing and other features, utilities and advantages of theinvention will be apparent from the following more particulardescription of various embodiments of the present invention asillustrated in the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A is side view of a Keeton Seed Firmer™ having an in-furrow liquiddispensing device connected therewith;

FIG. 1B is a section view taken along line B—B of FIG. 1A;

FIG. 1C is a perspective view of the Keeton Seed Firmer™ having anin-furrow liquid dispensing device connected therewith;

FIG. 1D is a perspective view of a diverter for use with the in-furrowliquid dispensing device of FIGS. 1A and 1C;

FIG. 1E is a section view taken along line E—E of FIG. 1B;

FIG. 1F is a side view of a liquid dispenser for a seed planter as shownin U.S. Pat. No. 6,082,274, the liquid dispenser connected with a KeetonSeed Firmer™;

FIG. 1G is a front view of the liquid dispenser illustrated in FIG. 1F;

FIG. 1 is a side view of a tractor pulling an agricultural planter andassociated liquid container;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a planter encompassing one embodiment ofthe liquid distribution apparatus of the present invention, andillustrates a tractor pulling an agricultural planter including aplurality of row units;

FIG. 3 is section taken along line 3—3 of FIG. 2, and illustrates a rowunit having a hopper, a metering unit, a gage wheel, a closing wheel, adouble disk blade furrow opener, and a seed tube depending from themetering unit with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seedbounce, with one embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatusdepending from the attachment;

FIG. 4 is a section taken along line 4—4 of FIG. 3, and illustrates theliquid distribution apparatus connected to a liquid supply hose andattached to the extension;

FIG. 5 is a section taken along line 5—5 of FIG. 4, and illustrates theliquid distribution apparatus dispersing liquid unto the sidewalls of aseed furrow;

FIG. 6 is a top view of one embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a seed tube, one embodiment of anextension for reducing seed bounce, and a liquid supply hose, with oneembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of the present inventionconnected to the liquid supply hose and fixed to the extension;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view showing a seed tube, one embodiment of theextension for reducing seed bounce, a liquid supply hose and the liquiddistribution apparatus of the present invention, with a mountingapparatus for mounting the extension to the seed tube;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a Case/IH model planter with oneembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus;

FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the Case/IH model planter shown in FIG.9;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a seed tube, an embodiment of anextension for reducing seed bounce, a liquid supply hose, and anembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus wherein the liquiddistribution apparatus is connected with the underside of the extensionfor reducing seed bounce;

FIG. 12 is an exploded view of the seed tube, the embodiment of theextension for reducing seed bounce, the liquid supply hose, and theembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus as shown in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a section taken along line 13—13 of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a section taken along line 14—14 of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a bottom view of the embodiment of an extension for reducingseed bounce, and the embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatuswherein the liquid distribution apparatus is connected with theunderside of the extension;

FIG. 16 is a section taken along line 16—16 of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a seed tube, one embodiment of anextension for reducing seed bounce, and a liquid supply hose, with oneembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus having three outletsconnected to the liquid supply hose and fixed to the extension;

FIG. 18 is a section view taken along line 18—18 of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a section view taken along line 19—19 of FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a diverter for use,in one example, in conjunction with the two outlet embodiment of theliquid distribution apparatus;

FIG. 21 is a front view of the diverter illustrated in FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is top view of the diverter illustrated in FIG. 20;

FIG. 23 is a side view of the diverter illustrated in FIG. 20;

FIG. 24 is perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a diverterfor use, in one example, in conjunction with the two outlet embodimentof the liquid distribution apparatus;

FIG. 25 is a front view of the diverter illustrated in FIG. 24;

FIG. 26 is a side view of the diverter illustrated in FIG. 24;

FIG. 27 is a side view of a seed tube, one embodiment of an extensionfor reducing seed bounce, and a liquid supply hose, with a single outletliquid distribution apparatus connected to the liquid supply hose andfixed to the extension, the outlet being forward of the trailing end ofthe extension so that the liquid disperses over the top of the extensionand into the furrow;

FIG. 28 is a section view taken along line 28—28 of FIG. 27,illustrating the dispersion of the liquid across the vertex of thefurrow and extending partially up the sidewalls of the furrow;

FIG. 29 is a section view taken along line 29—29 of FIG. 27,illustrating the dispersion of liquid across the vertex of the furrowand extending partially up the sidewall of the furrow;

FIG. 30 is a perspective view of a seed firmer having a two outletembodiment of the present invention connected therewith;

FIG. 31 is a section view taken along line 31—31 of FIG. 30;

FIG. 32 illustrates a seed firmer having a three outlet embodiment ofthe present invention connected therewith

FIG. 33 a is a section view taken along line 33—33 of FIG. 32illustrating the three outlet embodiment of the present invention withall of the outlets unplugged;

FIG. 33 b is a section view taken along line 33—33 of FIG. 32illustrating the three outlet embodiment of the present invention withthe center outlet plugged, the three outlet embodiment configured todistribute liquid on the sidewalls of the furrow;

FIG. 33 c is a section view taken along line 33—33 of FIG. 32illustrating the three outlet embodiment of the present invention withthe side outlets plugged, the three outlet embodiment configured todistribute liquid in the vertex of the furrow;

FIG. 34 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a plug for use inplugging the outlets to reconfigure the three outlet embodiment;

FIG. 35 a illustrates an exploded perspective view of a Buffalo™ planterwith one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attachedthereto, the extension having an embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus coupled therewith;

FIG. 35 b illustrates an exploded perspective view of a Landoll Quadra™planter with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounceattached thereto, the extension having an embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 35 c illustrates a side view of a John Deere 71 Flex™ planter withone embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attachedthereto, the extension having an embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 35 d illustrates a side view of an Allis Chalmers™ model 78 or 79planter with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounceattached thereto, the extension having an embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 35 e illustrates a perspective view of Allis Chambers™ model 500 or600 planter with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounceattached thereto, the extension having an embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 35 f illustrates an exploded perspective view of a Case IH™ model400 or 500 planter having a boot with one embodiment of an extension forreducing seed bounce attached thereto, the extension having anembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of the present inventioncoupled therewith;

FIG. 35 g illustrates an exploded view of a Case IH™ model 400 or 500planter having an Acra-Plant boot with one embodiment of an extensionfor reducing seed bounce attached thereto, the extension having anembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of the present inventioncoupled therewith;

FIG. 35 h illustrates an exploded view of a Case IH™ 400 or 500 planterhaving an Acra-Plant runner with one embodiment of an extension forreducing seed bounce attached thereto, the extension having anembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of the present inventioncoupled therewith;

FIG. 35 i illustrates and exploded view of a Case IH™ model 56 planterwith one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attachedthereto, the extension having an embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 35 j illustrates an exploded view of a Case IH™ 1200 ASM planterwith an embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of the presentinvention attached thereto;

FIG. 36 a illustrates a side view of a John Deere™ model 750 single discdrill with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounceattached thereto, the extension having an embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 36 b illustrates a side view of a John Deere™ model 1560 or 1860single disc drill with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seedbounce attached thereto, the extension having an embodiment of theliquid distribution apparatus of the present invention coupledtherewith;

FIG. 36 c illustrates a side view of a Flexi-Coil FSI™ single disc drillwith one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attachedthereto, the extension having an embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 37 a illustrates a side view of a FSO™ single disc opener with oneembodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attached thereto,the extension having an embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatusof the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 37 b illustrates a side view of a banding and spreading boot withan embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of the presentinvention attached therewith;

FIG. 37 c illustrates a side view of a paired row boot having a shoewith one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attachedthereto, the extension having an embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 37 d illustrates a side view of an eagle beak having a boot withone embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attachedthereto, the extension having an embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 38 a illustrates a side view of a Krause™ model 5400 double discdrill with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounceattached thereto, the extension having an embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 38 b illustrates a side view of a Krause™ model 5200, 5250 or 5500double disc drill with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seedbounce attached thereto, the extension having an embodiment of theliquid distribution apparatus of the present invention coupledtherewith;

FIG. 38 c illustrates a side view of a Sunflower™ double disc drill withone embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attachedthereto, the extension having an embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 38 d illustrates a side view of a Tye™ double disc drill with oneembodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attached therewith,the extension having an embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatusof the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 38 e illustrates a side view of a Tye™ soybean/rice double discdrill with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounceattached therewith, the extension having an embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 38 f illustrates a side view of a UFT™ double disc drill with oneembodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attached therewith,the extension having an embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatusof the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 38 g illustrates a side view of a John Deere™ model 750 double discdrill with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounceattached therewith, the extension having an embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus of the present invention coupled therewith;

FIG. 38 h illustrates a side view of a John Deere™ model 455, 515 or8300 double disc drill having gauge wheels mounted along side the doubledisc openers with an embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus ofthe present invention attached therewith;

FIG. 38 i illustrates a John Deere™ model 455, 515 or 8300 double discdrill having single or double press wheels with an embodiment of theliquid distribution apparatus of the present invention attachedtherewith;

FIG. 38 j illustrates a John Deere™ model 8300 double disc drill havinga press wheel not attached to the drill, with an embodiment of theliquid distribution apparatus of the present invention attachedtherewith;

FIG. 38 k illustrates a Marliss™ double disc drill with an embodiment ofthe liquid distribution apparatus of the present invention attachedtherewith;

FIG. 38 l illustrates a Best™ double disc drill with an embodiment ofthe liquid distribution apparatus of the present invention attachedtherewith;

FIG. 38 m illustrates a Great Plains™ double disc drill with anembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of the present inventionattached therewith;

FIG. 38 n illustrates a Crustbuster™ model 3400 or 3700 double discdrill with an embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of thepresent invention attached therewith;

FIG. 38 o illustrates a Crustbuster™ model 4000 double disc drill withan embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of the presentinvention attached therewith;

FIG. 38 p illustrates a Haybuster™ double disc drill with an embodimentof the liquid distribution apparatus of the present invention attachedtherewith;

FIG. 38 q illustrates a Case IH™ model 5100, 5300 or 5400 double discdrill with an embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of thepresent invention attached therewith;

FIG. 39 is an isometric view of one embodiment of an extension defininga depression for locating a liquid distribution apparatus;

FIG. 40 is an isometric view of the extension illustrated in FIG. 39with a two outlet liquid distribution apparatus coupled thereto;

FIG. 41 is a side view of the extension shown in FIG. 40;

FIG. 42 is a top view of the extension taken along line 42—42 of FIG.41;

FIG. 43 is a side view of the extension illustrated in FIG. 39 with asingle outlet liquid distribution apparatus coupled thereto;

FIG. 44 is a top view of the extension taken along line 44—44 of FIG.43;

FIG. 45 is an isometric view of the extension shown in FIG. 39 with atwo outlet liquid distribution apparatus and a single outlet liquiddistribution apparatus coupled therewith;

FIG. 46 is a side view of the extension illustrated in FIG. 45; and

FIG. 47 is a top view of the extension taken along line 47—47 of FIG.46.

FIG. 48 is an exploded isometric view of an embodiment of an extensionhaving protrusions for attaching a liquid distribution apparatus to theextension by way of a retaining plate and fasteners.

FIG. 49 is an assembled isometric view of the extension of FIG. 48.

FIG. 50 is an exploded isometric view of an alternate embodiment of anextension having protrusions for attaching a liquid distributionapparatus to the extension by way of a retaining plate with prongs.

FIG. 51 is an exploded isometric view of an embodiment of an extensionhaving protrusions with flanges for securing a liquid distributionapparatus to the extension.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

While various embodiments of the liquid distribution apparatus can beused with a variety of planters, drills and liquid supply devices, itwill be initially described as used with a double disk furrow openerstyle agricultural planter 102 pulled behind a tractor 104. Furthermore,the liquid distribution apparatus will be described in a configurationwherein a large liquid container 106 is pulled behind the planter 102providing a liquid supply to the liquid distribution apparatus through aliquid supply hose 196. The liquid container 106, however, is oftentimesintegrated with the planter 102 or the tractor 104. Nonetheless, theliquid distribution apparatus functions equally well regardless of thelocation of the liquid container 106.

The agricultural planter 102, shown in FIGS. 1–3, typically includes anumber of planter row units 108 mounted on a main frame member 110. Theplanter 102 is pulled in a forward direction F by the tractor 104. Eachrow unit 108 forms a seed furrow 110, deposits seeds 112 evenly alongthe seed furrow 110, supplies a liquid 114 in the furrow 110, and thencloses the seed furrow 110 to form a seed bed 116. The liquiddistribution apparatus 100 of the present invention is embodied in atwo-outlet Y-shaped configuration 100, shown in FIGS. 4–10, thatdistributes the liquid 114 into the furrow 110 along with the seeds 112without drenching the seeds 112. In this embodiment, the liquiddistribution apparatus 100 is used along with an extension 118, shown inFIGS. 4–10, which reduces seed bounce as the seeds 112 exit each rowunit 108, and helps position the seeds 112 optimally in the vertex orbottom portion 120 of the furrow 110 prior to closure of the furrow 110by the row unit 108. To avoid drenching the seeds 112 in the liquid 114,the liquid distribution apparatus 100 deposits the liquid 114 on thesidewalls 122 of the furrow 110. Preferably, the liquid is deposited atleast ½″ above the bottom portion 120 of the furrow 110. Morepreferably, the liquid is deposited between about ½″ and ¾″ above thebottom portion 120 of the furrow 110.

Each row unit 108, as seen in FIGS. 1–3, comprises a seed hopper 124 forholding and dispensing seeds 112, a seed metering unit 126 positionedbelow the seed hopper 124 that receives the seeds 112 from the seedhopper 124, and a seed tube 128 positioned below the seed metering unit126 that receives seeds 112 from the metering unit 126 to place in thefurrow 110. A furrow opening apparatus 130 is positioned generallybeneath the seed hopper 124, and includes a residue divider 132 at theleading edge of each row unit 108, and a furrow opener 134 positionedmore centrally under the hopper 124. The furrow opener 134 is partiallyencompassed by a pair of gage wheels 136, and a pair of furrow closerwheels 138 which trail behind the furrow opener 134 and gage wheels 136.

The seed furrow 110 is formed by the furrow opener 134 attached to eachrow unit 108. Although numerous types of openers are known in the artsuch as double disc, single disc, shoe, boot, and runner style openersthat the present invention may be used with, a double disk furrow opener134 is shown in FIGS. 1–3. The double disk opener 134 includes twocircular disk blades 139 rotatably mounted on a row unit 108 to form aV-shape at the point of seed placement. The disk blades 139 have adiameter, and the peripheral edges 140 of each disk blade 139 areadjacent to one another at the point where they form the V. The gagewheels 136 flank the disk blades 139 to support the row unit 108 andallow the disk blades 139 to mold a V-shaped seed furrow 110 at apredetermined depth within the soil.

The furrow 110 formed by the furrow opener 134 is generally V-shaped, asshown best in FIG. 4, with the bottom portion 120 forming the vertexwhere the upwardly and outwardly extending sidewalls 122 intersect.Under ideal soil conditions, the furrow 110 maintains the V-shape untilclosed by the furrow closer wheels 138. In moist conditions, the soilalong the sidewalls 122 is pulled loose, causing portions of the soil tolodge in the bottom portion 120 of the furrow 110 and along thesidewalls 120. Also, as the disk blades 139 wear out, they becomesmaller in diameter and the adjacent edges 140 of the disk blades 139become spaced apart. As the disk blades 139 wear down, the increasedspacing between the adjacent edges 140 causes the furrow to graduallytransform into a W-shape.

The seed tube 128 extends downwardly from the metering unit 126, betweenthe disk blades 139 (or into the boot or shoe), and is positioneddirectly over the seed furrow 110 adjacent to the rear 142 of the doubledisk blades 139, as shown in FIG. 3. The metering unit 126 regulates thedistribution of seeds 112 from the seed hopper 124 to the seed tube 128.Thus, the seeds 112 are optimally evenly spaced along the seed furrow110 as they fall from the seed tube 128.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 5, 7 and 8 the seed tube 128 is attached to andextends downwardly from the meter unit 126. The seed tube 128 has anelongated hollow main body 144, with a generally rectangularcross-sectional structure defining a rearwardly facing surface 146, aforwardly facing surface 148, and opposing side facing surfaces 150. Theseed tube 128 has a slight arcuate shape along its length in therearward direction. An upper end 152 of the seed tube 128 is attached tothe meter unit 126, while a downwardly depending lower and trailing end154 of the seed tube 128 depends downwardly between the disk blades 139so as to be positioned over the bottom portion 120 of the furrow 110.The downwardly depending end 154 defines an opening 156 through whichthe seeds 112 exit the seed tube 128 and fall into the furrow 110. Thelower end 154 of the seed tube 128 is swept rearwardly from the upperend 152 as a result of the slight arcuate shape. The forwardly facingsurface 148 of the seed tube 128 is longer than the rearwardly facing146 surface of the seed tube 128, such that the forwardly facing surface148 forms a lower edge 158 of the opening 156, while the rearwardlyfacing surface 146 of the seed tube 128 defines the upper edge 160 ofthe opening 156.

A pair of protrusions 162 extend from the rearwardly facing surface 146of the seed tube 128. The protrusions 162 are spaced longitudinally withrespect to one another along the length of the seed tube 128. Eachprotrusion 162 can have an aperture 164 formed laterally therethrough.

The seed tube 128 guides the seeds to the furrow 110, as seen in FIGS.3–6. As the seeds 112 flow through the seed tube 128, they bounce aroundas a result of interaction with the walls 122 of the seed tube 128 aswell as the movement of the planter 102 over the ground. The rearwardcurve of the seed tube 128, as well as the orientation of the exitopening 156, are designed to compensate for the forward motion of theplanter 102, and ideally the seeds 112 drop into the furrow 110 verygently. However, since the seeds 112 bounce as they move through theseed tube 128, they oftentimes drop out of the seed tube 128 at a lessthan optimal angle, or the seeds 112 bounce outwardly from the opening156 of the seed tube 128 prior to hitting the ground, causing the seeds112 to then bounce upwardly when they hit the ground.

The bouncing of the seeds 112 results in the seeds being disbursedthroughout the furrow 110, not only along the bottom portion 120, butalong the sidewalls 122 and often outside the seed furrow. The bouncingseeds 112 result in the seeds being improperly positioned within thefurrow 110. The improper placement of the seeds within the furrow 110results in various growth related problems such as uneven pantemergence, poor stands, increased weed population, non uniform maturing,longer insect life cycles, higher susceptibility to chemical damage, andultimately lower yields. Moving the planter 102 at a slower velocityreduces the bouncing problem, but does not eliminate it. Moving theplanter 102 at a higher velocity to increase the planting processexacerbates the bouncing problem.

As seen in FIGS. 3–8, the extension 118 is preferably mounted on therearwardly facing surface 146 of the seed tube 128 near its dependinglower end 154. Alternatively, or as seen in FIGS. 9 and 10, theextension 118 may be mounted on other row unit structures such as a seedboot or shoe. The extension 118 facilitates the proper placement ofseeds 112 in the bottom portion 120 of the furrow 110 therebysignificantly reducing the problems associated with improper seedplacement as discussed above. The extension 118 extends downwardly andrearwardly from the seed tube 128 into the furrow 110, minimizingcontact with the sidewalls 122. Preferably, the extension 118 terminatesat a position just above the vertex 120 of the furrow.

With the extension 118 mounted on the depending lower end 154 of theseed tube 128, as the seeds 112 exit the opening 156 of the seed tube128 and bounce from the seed tube, the seeds 112 contact the extension118 and deflect back into the furrow 110. If the seeds 112 bounce morethan once within the furrow 110, they will again contact the extension118 further along its length and will again be deflected back into thefurrow 110. As the seeds 112 come to rest in the bottom portion 120 ofthe furrow 110, the trailing end 186 of the extension 118 passes overthe seeds 112 without contacting the seeds 112. The extensioneffectively funnels the seeds to the bottom of the furrow. In thepreferred embodiment when attached with the seed tube, the width of theextension decreases rearwardly along its length so that the width of theextension closely matches the width of the furrow as the extensionextends rearwardly and downwardly into the furrow, thereby reducing thenumber of seeds that can bounce between the sidewall of the furrow andthe extension.

In mounting the extension 118 to the seed tube 128, as best seen inFIGS. 4, 5, 7 and 8, the top segment 166 of the extension 98 isreleasably attached to the seed tube 128. More particularly, in oneembodiment of the extension, the protrusions 162 on the seed insert tube128 are positioned within the apertures 168 formed in an attachment 170having outwardly facing sidewalls defining a sawtooth pattern 172complimentary to a sawtooth configuration 174 defined by an elongatedslot 176 in the extension 118. The complimentary sawtooth configurations172 and 174 provide an adjustment mechanism to place the extension atthe appropriate depth into the furrow 110. The engagement of theprotrusions 162 in the mounting apertures 168 properly position theextension 118 on the seed tube 128, and acts to inhibit any longitudinalor transverse movement of the extension 118 with respect to the seedtube 128. Two releasable fasteners 178, such as plastic tie straps, arepositioned around the extension 118 and the seed tube 128, and arereleasably fastened thereto to hold the extension 118 securely inposition on the seed tube 128. The extension can also be fastened to theseed tube or planter in any known manner.

In one embodiment, the bottom segment 180 of the extension 118 definesan upwardly convex top surface 182 and a downwardly concave lowersurface 184. The downwardly concave lower surface 184 acts to deflectthe bouncing seeds 112 toward the center 120 of the furrow 110. Theseeds 112 are thus directed toward and land in the bottom portion 120 ofthe furrow 110. This helps place the seeds 112 in the optimal positionwithin the furrow 110, and helps reduce the number of seeds which cometo rest on the sidewalls 122 or outside of the furrow 110. In short, thedownwardly concave lower surface 184 of the bottom segment 180 of theextension 118 focuses the deflection of the seeds 112 toward the bottomportion 120 of the furrow 110, as shown in FIGS. 4–6.

The transverse dimension of the lower surface 184 of the bottom segment180 of the extension 118 preferably becomes substantially planaradjacent to the trailing end 186 because the transverse dimension of theextension 118 is substantially reduced, and a downwardly facing concavesurface has less of an effect on the deflection of the seeds given theproximity of the trailing end 186 to the bottom portion 120 of thefurrow 110. Also, very few seeds continue to bounce at that location onthe extension.

The extension 118 is flexible along its entire length so that in theevent the trailing end 186 of the extension comes into contact with thesoil, the trailing end of the extension will easily bend upwardly tominimize any damage to a seed 112 that may be contacted. Furthermore,while the extension 118 is designed to not contact the sidewalls 122 ofthe furrow 120 during use, some incidental contact may occur. Anyincidental contact with furrow may have the affect of covering the seeds112 in the bottom portion 120 of the furrow 110 with a thin layer ofsoil. This helps to protect the seeds from any incidental contact withthe liquid 114 that may occur. The extension can also have any number ofshapes and cross-sections, and can contact the furrow bottom orsidewalls.

Including liquids 114 such as liquid fertilizer, liquid starter, liquidinsecticides, liquid inoculants, and water in the furrow 110 along withthe seeds 112 at the time of planting advantageously affects the growthof the plants and the ultimate yield of the crop as discussed above. Theprovision of some types of liquid 114 directly into the furrow 110,however, can actually negatively affect plant growth and the ultimatecrop yield if liquid 114 is distributed directly unto the seeds 112.Accordingly, one embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus 100 ofthe present invention directs liquid 114 unto the sidewalls 120 of thefurrow, above the seeds 112, thus providing liquid 114 directly into thefurrow 120 along with the seeds 112 without drenching the seeds 112 inthe liquid 114. Although the liquid distribution apparatus 100 of thepresent invention is shown in the Figures in conjunction with oneembodiment of the extension 118, a Schaffert Manufacturing Co., Inc.,Rebounder™, the liquid distribution apparatus may also be used in theabsence of the extension 118. In the absence of the extension 118,however, a larger proportion of seeds 112 may become deposited on thefurrow sidewalls 122 and hence come in direct contact with thedistributed liquid 114 from the present invention. The majority of seeds112, however, will still be deposited in or near the bottom portion 120of the furrow 110, therefore the present invention is advantageous toplant growth and crop yield even in the absence of the extension 118.The present invention may also be used in conjunction with otheravailable seed placement attachments such as a Keeton Seed Firmer™.

Liquid 114 is supplied to the liquid distribution apparatus 100 of thepresent invention from the liquid container 106. The liquid containerincludes a pump 188 in fluid connection with the contents of the liquidcontainer 106 for supplying liquid under pressure. As shown in FIG. 1, amain hose 190 connects to the pump 188 to the liquid distribution tube192 at the upper rear of the planter 102. The liquid distribution tube192 on the planter 102 traverses the width of the planter 102 across theplanter row units 108. Adjacent each row unit 108, the liquiddistribution tube 192 has an outlet 194 that is fluidly coupled to aliquid supply hose 196. Each row unit 108 has the liquid supply hose 196for distributing liquid to the furrow 110 associated with each row unit108.

The liquid supply hose 196 extends generally downwardly from thedistribution tube 192 to the seed tube 128 and is attached to theextension 118. The extension 118 attached to the seed tube 128preferably includes at least two eyelets 198 a and 198 b along itslength. The first eyelet 198 a is located along the top segment 166 ofthe extension 118. The liquid supply hose 196 extends through the firsteyelet 198 a and is thereby held in place along the center of theextension 118. Preferably, the first eyelet 198 a fits loosely aroundthe hose 196 so that as the extension lexes the hose may move freelywith the eyelet 198 a, which helps to prevent the hose 196 fromdisconnecting the hose 196 from the liquid distribution apparatus. Asecond eyelet 198 b is located along the top of the extension 118adjacent the bottom segment 180 of the extension 118 that extends intothe furrow 110. Preferably, the second eyelet 198 b grips the supplyhose 196 firmly to help prevent the hose 196 from disconnecting from theliquid distribution apparatus 100. An additional third eyelet 198 c maybe included along the length of the extension between the first eyelet198 a and the second eyelet 198 b. The third eyelet 198 c helps to holdthe hose 196 secure so that residue flowing over the top of theextension does not disconnect the hose 196 from the liquid distributionapparatus.

The liquid distribution apparatus 100 is preferably attached to thebottom segment 180 of the extension 118 adjacent the furrow 110. Theliquid distribution apparatus 100 is preferably secured to the extension118 with the second eyelet 198 b and is in fluid connection with theliquid supply hose 196. In the two-eyelet embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus 100, shown in FIGS. 4, 5, 7 and 8, the liquiddistribution apparatus 100 generally defines a Y-shaped tubularstructure having a supply tube 200 in fluid connection with the liquiddistribution hose 196 and two distribution tubes 202 a and 202 b influid connection with the supply tube 200, the distribution tubesdistributing liquid 114 on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 generallyabove the two vertexes of the furrow.

Generally speaking, the liquid distribution apparatus 100 includes asupply channel 200 and a distribution channel 202 having at least twooutlets 202 a and 202 b. However, it is to be understood that thedistribution channel 202 may comprise any structure that distributesliquid unto one or both sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110. The supplychannel 200, as shown in FIGS. 4–10, comprises a tubular structure orhose that is in fluid connection with the liquid supply hose 196 at itsrear end. Preferably, the inlet portion of the supply channel 200includes a barbed or ribbed portion 204 to engage the liquid supply hose196. The outlet portion of the supply channel 200 is in fluid connectionwith the distribution channel 202.

The distribution channel 202 as shown in the embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus show in FIGS. 4–10, includes two outlets 202 a,202 b, angularly oriented with respect to the supply channel 200, thatdistribute liquid along one or both sidewalls 122 of the furrow 120. Theoutlets 202 a, 202 b, in this embodiment, comprise tubular structures orhoses. The front portion of the distribution channel 202 is attached tothe center of the extension 118 by the second eyelet 198 b. The liquiddistribution apparatus 100 may be held in place in the second eyelet 198b by an adhesive or a tie strap. Accordingly, the outlets 202 a, 202 b,are oriented along the bottom segment 180 of the extension with thefirst outlet 202 a extending outwardly to one side of the extension 118and the second outlet 202 b extending outwardly to the opposite side ofthe extension 118. As shown in the Figures, the outlets 202 a, 202 b,along with the supply tube 200 form a generally Y-shaped structure.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when liquid 114 flows from the outlets 202 a,202 b, the liquid 114 is preferably distributed above the bottom portion120 of the furrow 110 along the sidewalls 122 of the furrow. Bydistributing the liquid 114 along the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110,the seeds 112 are not drenched in the liquid 114 because most of theseeds 112 are deflected by the extension 118 to the bottom portion 120of the furrow 110 below where the liquid is distributed.

As shown in FIGS. 4–10, the liquid distribution apparatus 100 isattached along the bottom segment 180 of the extension 118 bye thesecond eyelet 198 b. The liquid supply hose 196, that is attached to theextension 118 at the first eyelet 198 a, is in fluid connection with theliquid distribution apparatus 100 adjacent the second eyelet 198 b. Asmentioned above, the use of the extension 118 is considered preferable,but is not necessary to the proper functioning of the liquiddistribution apparatus 100. For example, the liquid distributionapparatus 100 can be attached along the center top portion of the seedtube 128 directly above the opening 156 where the seeds 112 exit theseed tube 128. Attached to the seed tube 128, the outlets 202 a, 202 b,will extend outwardly and to either side of the seed tube 128 therebydepositing liquid 114 along the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110.

Generally, the liquid distribution apparatus 100 may be attached to anypart of the planter row unit 108. Preferably, the liquid distributionapparatus 100 (when not attached to the extension 118) is attached at alocation between the double disk opener 134 and the furrow closer wheel138 centered along the vertex 120 of the furrow so as to orient theoutlets 202 a, 202 b above the sidewalls 122 of the seed furrow 110before the furrow 110 is closed.

The embodiments of the liquid distribution apparatus 100 are shown anddescribed as being attached to the bottom segment 180 of the extension118. The various embodiments of the liquid distribution apparatus may,however, be attached anywhere along the extension so long as, in thecase of the two-outlet embodiment, the outlets 202 a, 202 b are orientedso as to distribute liquid 114 along the sidewalls 122 of the furrow.The location of the liquid distribution apparatus 100 on the extensionas shown in the Figures is considered preferable.

Additionally, while the various embodiments of the liquid distributionapparatus are shown as a separate structure attached to the extension118, they may, however, be integrated into the extension 118. Tointegrate the liquid distribution apparatus 100 into the extension thesupply channel 200 and distribution channel 202 can be molded directlyinto the extension in a single plastic injection mold. In the integratedliquid distribution apparatus, the supply channel 200 is in fluidconnection with the liquid supply hose 196 and a plurality of outletsfrom the distribution channel 202 are oriented so as to distributeliquid into the furrow 110.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show the two outlet embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus 100 of the present invention connected to an extension that isattached to a Case/IH style planter having a seed boot 204 positionedbetween the disks (not shown). The extension 118 is attached directly tothe seed boot 204. A brace plate 206 may be necessary to properly attachthe extension 118 to the seed boot 204. The seed tube 128 (not shown)typically extends through the seed boot.

The liquid supply hose 196 is connected to the outside of the seed boot204 using a tie strap 208. The lower end of the liquid supply hose 196is in fluid connection with the liquid distribution apparatus 100connected to the extension 118. Accordingly, the outlets 202 a and 202 bof the two outlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus 100distribute liquid 114 unto the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110.

In an alternative embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11, the liquiddistribution apparatus 100 is connected to an extension 210 adjacent thedownwardly concave lower surface 184 of the extension 210. Preferably,in this embodiment the outlets 202 a, 202 b of the liquid distributionapparatus 100 are located between the underside 184 of the extension 210and the seed chute 128. The liquid supply hose 196 extends generallydownwardly from the distribution tube 192 to the seed tube 128, andextends through a first eyelet 198 a which projects upwardly from theextension 210. Rearwardly of the eyelet 198 a, the liquid supply hose196 extends from the top surface 212 of the extension 210 through theelongated slot 176 to the underside 214 of the extension 210, where itis fluidly connected with the supply channel 200 of the apparatus 100.The extension 210 preferably includes an eyelet 198 d projectingdownwardly, and generally transversely, from the extension 210. Theeyelet 198 d couples the apparatus 100 to the extension 210, andproperly orients the outlets 202 a, 202 b of the apparatus 100 todistribute liquid on the sidewalls 122 of furrow 110. The liquiddistribution apparatus 100 extends through the eyelet 198 d, and isfluidly connected with the liquid supply hose 196 adjacent thereto. Inthe case of the distribution apparatus 100 having three outlets, thecenter outlet is oriented to distribute liquid in the vertex 120 of thefurrow 110.

FIG. 12 is an exploded view showing the top section 166 of the extension210 connected with the seed tube 128. This connection is shown anddescribed in detail above with respect to FIG. 8, the only difference inFIG. 12 is the presence of an alternative embodiment of the extension210 which has an eyelet 198 d extending downwardly, and generallytransversely, from extension 210. This eyelet 198 d properly orients theoutlets 202 a, 202 b of the liquid distribution apparatus 200 below theextension 210.

FIG. 13 is a section taken along 13—13 of FIG. 11. This view shows theorientation of the distribution apparatus 100 extending through theeyelet 198 d for distribution of liquid beneath the extension 210 on thesidewalls 122 of the furrow 110. FIG. 13 also shows the liquid supplyhose 196 passing through the elongated slot 176 from the top surface 212of the extension 210 to the underside surface 214. FIGS. 14–16 are viewswhich show the alternative embodiment of the extension 210 and theorientation of the liquid supply tube and the liquid distributionapparatus 100 coupled therewith.

This alternative embodiment provides for the additional advantage ofpreventing the outlets 202 a, 202 b of the liquid distribution apparatus100 from becoming clogged with soil during use. The location of theliquid distribution apparatus 100 underneath the extension 210 shieldsthe outlets 202 a, 202 b from any soil that may inadvertently fall onthe extension from the filling of the furrow 110 by the furrow closerwheels (not shown) occurring behind the extension 210 after depositingthe seeds and the liquid into the furrow 110.

Referring to FIGS. 17–19, an alternative embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus 100 includes three outlets 202 a, 202 b, 202 c ina preferably fork shaped configuration (ψ) with respect to the supplychannel 200, wherein one of the outlets 202 c is oriented to distributeliquid 114 in the centrally located bottom portion 120 of the furrow,and the other two outlets 202 a, 202 b are oriented to distribute liquid114 on opposing sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110. Generally, thisembodiment provides a farmer or other user with a convertible liquiddistribution apparatus 100 that may distribute liquid on the sidewalls122 of the furrow 110, in the vertex 120 of the furrow 110, or in anycombination thereof. This allows the farmer to rapidly convert theliquid distribution portion of the planter for planting seeds thatbenefit from liquid distributed on the furrow sidewalls to plantingseeds that benefit from liquid distribution directly on the seeds.

Preferably, the liquid distribution apparatus 100 includes a supplychannel 200 similar to other embodiments described herein and adistribution channel 202. The distribution channel 202 preferably havingthree outlets 202 a, 202 b, 202 c, wherein a first 202 a and a secondside outlet 202 b are preferably angularly oriented with respect to thesupply channel 200, which may distribute liquid along one or bothsidewalls 122 of the furrow 110, and a third or center outlet 202 c thatis preferably co-linear with the supply channel 200, which maydistribute liquid 114 centrally located in the bottom or vertex 120 ofthe furrow 112. This embodiment is described as preferably having threeoutlets; it is envisioned, however, that this embodiment could includemore than three outlets.

As with preceding exemplary embodiments of the liquid distributionapparatus 100, the inlet portion of the supply channel includes a barbedor ribbed portion 204 at its rear end to engage the liquid supply hose196. The outlet portion of the supply channel 200 is in fluid connectionwith the distribution channel 202. Accordingly, fluid flows from thefirst hose 196 into the supply channel 200 and then out to the outlet(s)202 a, 202 b, 202 c of the distribution channel 202.

This alternative convertible embodiment preferably also includes atleast one stopper or plug 216 adapted to stop or reduce the flow ofliquid 114 from any of the outlets 202 a, 202 b, 202 c, thereby allowingthe device to be converted to different liquid distribution patterns. Inone embodiment, the stopper or plug 216 may be connected with the liquiddistribution apparatus 100, with the extension 118 or 210 for reducingseed bounce, or with whatever device the apparatus 100 is connectedwith, for example a drill, by way of a cable or other such connectiondevice so that when not in use the plug 216 stays connected with theliquid distribution apparatus 100. Preferably, the plug 216 is held tothe apparatus by way of some retentive means such as a snap, clamp, orthe like (not shown). Alternatively, the plug 216 may be supplied in akit along with the liquid distribution apparatus 100.

The plug 216 is adapted to be inserted into the outlets 202 a, 202 b,202 c thereby prohibiting the flow of liquid 114 from the pluggedoutlet. This allows the apparatus 100 to be converted to any liquiddistribution configuration the farmer desires. For example, for certainapplications, such as placing liquid fertilizers in the furrow 110, itis desirable to distribute liquid 114 on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow110 and not directly on the seeds 112; accordingly, the farmer willinsert a plug 216 into the center outlet 202 c. In another example, ifthe farmer is distributing liquid inoculant in the furrow 110 along withthe seeds 112, it is desirable to place the inoculant directly on theseed 112; accordingly, the farmer will insert a plug 216 in the first202 a and second 202 b side outlets.

In an alternative embodiment, the plug 216 is preferably permanentlycoupled within the distribution end 202 of the outlet. In thisembodiment, liquid flow may be adjusted by pulling the plug 216 outwardto allow full flow, or pressing the plug inwardly to decrease the flow.Fully depressed, the plug 216 prohibits liquid flow from the outlet(s)202 a, 202 b, 202 c altogether.

One advantage of this convertible embodiment is the ease by which afarmer may change from an in-furrow on-seed liquid distribution set-up(where the first 202 a and second 202 b outlets are plugged) to anin-furrow sidewall distribution set-up (where the center outlet 202 c isplugged) or vice versa. For example, a farmer may desire to plant cornseeds and distribute inoculants (which facilitate rapid germination andgrowth) directly on the seeds 112 in one portion of the farm, and thenchange seed types to soy beans and distribute fertilizer on thesidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 above the soy bean seeds for planting ina different portion of the farm. Changing from the on-seed liquiddistribution for the corn seeds to the furrow sidewall distribution forthe soy beans simply requires that the farmer prohibit the liquid flowfrom the center outlet 202 c, and allow the liquid flow from the sideoutlets 202 a, 202 b. In one embodiment, the farmer will remove the sideplugs, and insert a center plug; or, in are alternative embodiment, thefarmer will depress the center plug, and pull-out the side plugs.

Referring to FIG. 20, a perspective view of one embodiment of a diverter218 is shown for use, in one example, in conjunction with the two outlet202 a, 202 b embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus 100. FIG.21 is a front view of the diverter 218 illustrated in FIG. 20; FIG. 22is top view of the diverter 218 illustrated in FIG. 20; and FIG. 23 is aside view of the diverter 218 illustrated in FIG. 20. The diverter maybe used to configure the two-outlet 202 a, 202 b embodiment of theliquid distribution apparatus 100 for either on-seed liquiddistribution, or liquid distribution on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow110 above the seeds 112. The diverter 218 includes an integrated upperoutlet 220 and an integrated lower outlet 222 in fluid connection withan integrated supply channel 224 which is adapted to be fluidly coupledwith the liquid supply hose (not shown). The rearward portion of thediverter is insertable into the eyelet 198 c and thereby is connectedwith the extension 118. As shown and described above, the liquiddistribution apparatus 100 extends through the rearward most eyelet 198b of the extension. Rather than connecting directly with the liquidsupply hose as shown above, the liquid distribution apparatus 200 plugsinto one of the two outlets 220, 222 of the diverter which suppliesliquid to the liquid distribution apparatus 100.

The farmer may then through the use of plugs 216 configure the device218 for distribution of liquid directly into the furrow 110 (by pluggingthe outlets of the liquid distribution apparatus 100, and leaving theoutlet not occupied by the liquid distribution apparatus unplugged) orconfigure the device for distribution of liquid on the sidewalls 122 ofthe furrow 110 (by plugging the outlet not occupied by the liquiddistribution apparatus, and leaving the outlets 202 a, 202 b of theliquid distribution apparatus unplugged).

Referring to FIG. 24 an alternative embodiment of a diverter 218 foruse, in one example, in conjunction with the two outlet embodiment ofthe liquid distribution apparatus 100. FIG. 25 is a front view of thediverter 218 illustrated in FIG. 24; and FIG. 26 is a side view of thediverter 218 illustrated in FIG. 24. The diverter 218 may be used toconfigure the two outlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus100 for either on-seed liquid distribution, or liquid distribution onthe sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 above the seeds 112. The diverter218 includes an upper distribution tube 220 and a lower distributiontube 222 in fluid connection with a supply tube 224 which is adapted tobe fluidly coupled with the liquid supply hose (not shown). The rearwardportion of the diverter is insertable into the eyelet 198 c and therebyis connected with the extension 118. As shown and described above, theliquid distribution apparatus 100 extends through the rearward mosteyelet 198 b of the extension 118. Rather than connecting directly withthe liquid supply hose as shown above, the liquid distribution apparatusplugs into one of the two liquid distribution tubes 220, 222 of thediverter 218 which supplies liquid 114 to the liquid distributionapparatus 100.

The farmer may then, through the use of plugs 216, configure the devicefor distribution of liquid directly into the furrow 110 (by plugging theoutlets of the liquid distribution apparatus, and leaving the liquiddistribution tube not occupied by the liquid distribution apparatusunplugged) or configure the device for distribution of liquid on thesidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 (by plugging the liquid distributiontube not occupied by the liquid distribution apparatus, and leaving theoutlets 202 a, 202 b of the liquid distribution apparatus unplugged).

FIGS. 27–29 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the presentinvention wherein the liquid tube 196 extends along the length of theextension 118, nearly to the trailing end 186 of the extension, but notpast the end of the extension 118. Preferably, the end of the tube isplaced on the longitudinal centerline of the extension 118. In thisembodiment, the liquid 114 flowing from the tube 196 spreads out overthe surface 182 of the extension 118 and flows into the furrow 110. Theupwardly convex shape of the upper surface 182 of the extension 118causes the liquid flowing from the tube 196to spread out fairly evenlyin about a 180-degree radius from the end of the tube 196, depending onthe pressure that the fluid is flowing out of the tube. Under fairlylow-pressure conditions, if the tube is placed very near the trailingend 186 of the extension 118, then fluid will flow unto both sidewalls112 of the furrow 110 and into the vertex 120 of the furrow 110. Incontrast, if the end of the tube is placed toward the middle or widestpoint of the extension 118, then the vast majority of the fluid 114flowing from the tube is deposited on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow110.

The width of the extension 118 narrows along its length from about itsmidpoint to the trailing end 186. Accordingly, at the widest point ofthe extension the fluid is distributed well above the vertex 120 of thefurrow 110. Whereas, at the trailing end 186 of the extension 118 thefluid 114 is deposited primarily in the vertex 120 of the furrow 118.The amount of fluid deposited on the sidewalls 122, as compared to theamount deposited in the vertex 120 of the furrow 110, will changedepending on the location of the end of the tube 196along the length ofthe extension 118 and the pressure at which the fluid 114is flowing outof the tube 196.

FIGS. 30–31 illustrate a seed firming device such as the Keeton SeedFirmer™ with the two outlet embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus 100 connected therewith. FIGS. 32–33 c illustrate the seedfirming device with the three outlet embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus 100 connected therewith. During planting, theseed firmer generally drags behind the planter, drill or other implementin the furrow 110 contacting the bottom portion 120 of the furrow 110.In contacting the bottom portion of the furrow, the seed firmer contactsthe seeds 112 that are in the bottom of the portion of the furrow andembeds the seeds in the dirt. The firmer includes an arm adapted tocontact the seeds in the furrow during planting which is attached to theplanter. The arm is adapted to contact the seeds in the furrow. It isenvisioned that the various embodiments of the liquid distributionapparatus may be used with the seed firmer to distribute liquid in thefurrow while the seed firmer is embedding the seeds in the furrow.

FIG. 34 illustrates is a perspective view of one embodiment of a plugused in connection with any of the above-described embodiments of aliquid distribution apparatus to reduce or eliminate the flow of liquidtherefrom.

Referring now to FIGS. 35 a–35 j various embodiment of the presentinvention are illustrated. FIG. 35 a illustrates an exploded perspectiveview of a Buffalo™ planter with one embodiment of an extension forreducing seed bounce attached thereto. The extension, as shown, may havethe two outlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus connected therewith. The liquid distribution apparatus beingin fluid connection with the liquid supply hose. FIG. 35 b illustratesan exploded perspective view of a Landoll Quadra™ planter with oneembodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attached thereto.The extension, as shown, may have the two outlet or three outletembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus connected therewith. Theliquid distribution apparatus being in fluid connection with the liquidsupply hose. FIG. 35 c illustrates a side view of a John Deere 71 Flex™planter with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounceattached thereto. The extension, as shown in FIG. 35 c, may have the twooutlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatusconnected therewith. The liquid distribution apparatus being in fluidconnection with the liquid supply hose. FIG. 35 d illustrates a sideview of an Allis Chalmers™ model 78 or 79 planter with one embodiment ofan extension for reducing seed bounce attached thereto. The extension,as shown in FIG. 35 d, may have the two outlet or three outletembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus connected therewith. Theliquid distribution apparatus being in fluid connection with the liquidsupply hose. FIG. 35 e illustrates a perspective view of Allis Chambers™model 500 or 600 planter with one embodiment of an extension forreducing seed bounce attached thereto. The extension, as shown in FIG.35 e, may have the two outlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus connected therewith. The liquid distributionapparatus being in fluid connection with the liquid supply hose. FIG. 35f illustrates an exploded perspective view of a Case IH™ model 400 or500 planter having a boot with one embodiment of an extension forreducing seed bounce attached thereto. The extension, as shown in FIG.35 f, may have the two outlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus connected therewith. The liquid distributionapparatus being in fluid connection with the liquid supply hose. FIG. 35g illustrates an exploded view of a Case IH™ model 400 or 500 planterhaving an Acra-Plant boot with one embodiment of an extension forreducing seed bounce attached thereto. The extension, as shown in FIG.35 f, may have the two outlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus connected therewith. The liquid distributionapparatus being in fluid connection with the liquid supply hose. FIG. 35h illustrates an exploded view of a Case IH™ 400 or 500 planter havingan Acra-Plant runner with one embodiment of an extension for reducingseed bounce attached thereto. The extension, as shown in FIG. 35 h, mayhave the two outlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus connected therewith. The liquid distributionapparatus being in fluid connection with the liquid supply hose. FIG. 35i illustrates and exploded view of a Case IH™ model 56 planter with oneembodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attached thereto.The extension, as shown in FIG. 35 i, may have the two outlet or threeoutlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus connectedtherewith. The liquid distribution apparatus being in fluid connectionwith the liquid supply hose. FIG. 35 j illustrates an exploded view of aCase IH™ 1200 ASM planter with an embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention attached thereto. The extension, asshown in FIG. 35 j, may have the two outlet or three outlet embodimentof the liquid distribution apparatus connected therewith. The liquiddistribution apparatus being in fluid connection with the liquid supplyhose. Additionally, a diverter may be used along with any of theembodiments shown in FIGS. 35 a–35 j.

Referring now to FIGS. 36 a–36 c various embodiments of the presentinvention are illustrated with single disc drills. FIG. 36 a illustratesa side view of a John Deere™ model 750 single disc drill with oneembodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attached thereto.The extension, as shown in FIG. 36 a, may have the two outlet or threeoutlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus connectedtherewith. The liquid distribution apparatus being in fluid connectionwith the liquid supply hose. FIG. 36 b illustrates a side view of a JohnDeere™ model 1560 or 1860 single disc drill with one embodiment of anextension for reducing seed bounce attached thereto. The extension, asshown in FIG. 36 b, may have the two outlet or three outlet embodimentof the liquid distribution apparatus connected therewith. The liquiddistribution apparatus being in fluid connection with the liquid supplyhose. FIG. 36 c illustrates a side view of a Flexi-Coil FSI™ single discdrill with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounceattached thereto. The extension, as shown in FIG. 36 c, may have the twooutlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatusconnected therewith. The liquid distribution apparatus being in fluidconnection with the liquid supply hose. Additionally, a diverter may beused along with any of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 36 a–36 c.

Referring now to FIGS. 37 a–37 d various embodiment of the presentinvention are illustrated with various single disc openers. FIG. 37 aillustrates a side view of a FSO™ single disc opener with one embodimentof an extension for reducing seed bounce attached thereto. Theextension, as shown in FIG. 37 a, may have the two outlet or threeoutlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus connectedtherewith. The liquid distribution apparatus being in fluid connectionwith the liquid supply hose. FIG. 37 b illustrates a side view of abanding and spreading boot with an embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention attached therewith. The extension, asshown in FIG. 37 b, may have the two outlet or three outlet embodimentof the liquid distribution apparatus connected therewith. The liquiddistribution apparatus being in fluid connection with the liquid supplyhose. FIG. 37 c illustrates a side view of a paired row boot having ashoe with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounceattached thereto. The extension, as shown in FIG. 37 c, may have the twooutlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatusconnected therewith. The liquid distribution apparatus being in fluidconnection with the liquid supply hose. FIG. 37 d illustrates a sideview of an eagle beak having a boot with one embodiment of an extensionfor reducing seed bounce attached thereto. The extension, as shown inFIG. 37 d, may have the two outlet or three outlet embodiment of theliquid distribution apparatus connected therewith. The liquiddistribution apparatus being in fluid connection with the liquid supplyhose. Additionally, a diverter may be used along with any of theembodiments shown in FIGS. 37 a–37 d.

Referring now to FIGS. 38 a–38 q various embodiments of the presentinvention are illustrated with various double disc drills. FIG. 38 aillustrates a side view of a Krause™ model 5400 double disc drill withone embodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attachedthereto. The extension, as shown in FIG. 38 a, may have the two outletor three outlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatusconnected therewith. The liquid distribution apparatus being in fluidconnection with the liquid supply hose. FIG. 38 b illustrates a sideview of a Krause™ model 5200, 5250 or 5500 double disc drill with oneembodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attached thereto.The extension, as shown in FIG. 38 b, may have the two outlet or threeoutlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus connectedtherewith. The liquid distribution apparatus being in fluid connectionwith the liquid supply hose. FIG. 38 c illustrates a side view of aSunflower™ double disc drill with one embodiment of an extension forreducing seed bounce attached thereto. The extension, as shown in FIG.38 c, may have the two outlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus connected therewith. The liquid distributionapparatus being in fluid connection with the liquid supply hose. FIG. 38d illustrates a side view of a Tye™ double disc drill with oneembodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attached therewith.The extension, as shown in FIG. 38 d, may have the two outlet or threeoutlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus connectedtherewith. The liquid distribution apparatus being in fluid connectionwith the liquid supply hose. FIG. 38 e illustrates a side view of a Tye™soybean/rice double disc drill with one embodiment of an extension forreducing seed bounce attached therewith. The extension, as shown in FIG.38 e, may have the two outlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus connected therewith. The liquid distributionapparatus being in fluid connection with the liquid supply hose.

FIG. 38 f illustrates a side view of a UFT™ double disc drill with oneembodiment of an extension for reducing seed bounce attached therewith.The extension, as shown in FIG. 38 f, may have the two outlet or threeoutlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus connectedtherewith. The liquid distribution apparatus being in fluid connectionwith the liquid supply hose. FIG. 38 g illustrates a side view of a JohnDeere™ model 750 double disc drill with one embodiment of an extensionfor reducing seed bounce attached therewith. The extension, as shown inFIG. 38 g, may have the two outlet or three outlet embodiment of theliquid distribution apparatus connected therewith. The liquiddistribution apparatus being in fluid connection with the liquid supplyhose. FIG. 38 h illustrates a side view of a John Deere™ model 455, 515or 8300 double disc drill having gauge wheels mounted along side thedouble disc openers with an embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention attached therewith. FIG. 38 iillustrates a John Deere™ model 455, 515 or 8300 double disc drillhaving single or double press wheels with a two outlet or three outletembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of the present inventionattached therewith. FIG. 38 j illustrates a John Deere™ model 8300double disc drill having a press wheel not attached to the drill, with atwo outlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention attached therewith. FIG. 38 killustrates a Marliss™ double disc drill with a two outlet or threeoutlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of the presentinvention attached therewith. FIG. 38 l illustrates a Best™ double discdrill with a two outlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus of the present invention attached therewith.

FIG. 38 m illustrates a Great Plains™ double disc drill with a twooutlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatusof the present invention attached therewith. FIG. 38 n illustrates aCrustbuster™ model 3400 or 3700 double disc drill with a two outlet orthree outlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of thepresent invention attached therewith. FIG. 38 o illustrates aCrustbuster™ model 4000 double disc drill with a two outlet or threeoutlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of the presentinvention attached therewith. FIG. 38 p illustrates a Haybuster™ doubledisc drill with a two outlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus of the present invention attached therewith. FIG.38 q illustrates a Case IH™ model 5100, 5300 or 5400 double disc drillwith a two outlet or three outlet embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention attached therewith. Additionally, adiverter may be used along with any of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 38a–38 q.

Including liquids 114 such as liquid fertilizer, liquid starter, liquidinsecticides, liquid inoculants, and water in the furrow 110 along withthe seeds 112 at the time of planting advantageously affects the growthof the plants and the ultimate yield of the crop as discussed above. Theprovision of some types of liquid 114 directly into the furrow 110,however, can actually negatively affect plant growth and the ultimatecrop yield if liquid 114 is distributed directly on the seeds 112.Conversely, for some liquids and some types of seeds, it is preferableto provide liquid 114 directly on the seeds 112. Using the variousliquid distribution apparatuses described above, it is possible todispense liquid 114 on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 above theseeds 112 or directly on the seeds 112.

In some instances, it is preferable to dispense liquid 114 well abovethe vertex 120 of the furrow 110 and the seeds 112 therein. This allowsa higher concentration of liquid 114, such as fertilizers, nitrogen,zinc, pot ash, sulfur, insecticides, and the like, to be deposited inthe furrow 110 along with the seeds 112, while lessening the risk thatthe higher concentration liquid will damage the seeds. As the extension118 is pulled along in the furrow 110, it is jostled by the tractorrolling over the uneven surfaces typically found in fields, by dirt andmud falling on the extension 118, and by other events. Thus, it isimportant to keep the liquid distribution apparatus 100 firmly held tothe extension 118 so that the liquid distribution apparatus 100 is notinadvertently reoriented by the jostling. Otherwise, such jostling mightcause liquid 114, whether high concentration or not, to be distributedin unintended portions of the furrow 110.

FIG. 39 illustrates one embodiment of an extension 226 conforming to thepresent invention. FIGS. 40–47 illustrate the extension 226 with variousliquid distribution apparatus configurations connected therewith, eachconforming to various aspects of the present invention. FIGS. 40–42illustrate the extension 226 with a two outlet liquid distributionapparatus 228. The two outlet liquid distribution device 228 is orientedon the extension 226 to distribute liquid 114 on the sidewalls 122 wellabove the vertex 120 of the furrow 110 to allow higher concentrationliquids 114 to be used without damaging the seeds 112 located in thevertex 120. FIGS. 43–44 illustrate the extension 226 with a one outletliquid distribution apparatus 230. The one outlet liquid distributiondevice is oriented on the extension to distribute liquid on the seeds inthe vertex 120 of the furrow 110.

Aspects of the invention allow the extension 226 to be quicklyreconfigured from a one outlet liquid distribution configuration to atwo outlet liquid distribution configuration or vice versa. For either asingle outlet configuration 230 or a two outlet configuration 228, theliquid distribution device is located in a depression 232 defined alongthe top surface 234 of the extension 226. The depression 232 helps tohold the liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) in place. Thedepression 232 also facilitates changing the configuration from a oneoutlet setup to a two outlet setup.

FIGS. 45–47 illustrate an extension 226 with both a one outlet 230 and atwo outlet 228 liquid distribution device. This configuration allows fordistribution of liquid 114 on only the sidewalls 122, only the vertex120, or both the vertex 120 and the sidewalls 122 with the same ordifferent liquids. It also allows for reconfiguration of the liquiddistribution by changing the liquid feed line at the liquid container106 rather than swapping liquid distribution devices at the extension226.

Referring now to FIG. 39, an isometric view of one implementation of anextension 226 conforming to the present invention is shown. The topsurface 234 of the bottom segment 236 of the extension 226 definesdepression 232 to accept one or more liquid distribution apparatuses.Generally, a liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) is seated in thedepression 232 to locate and to help stabilize the liquid distributionapparatus as the extension 226 is pulled through the furrow 110.

The extension 226 is typically mounted to the seed tube 128. As bestshown in FIGS. 4, 5, 7, and 8, the top segment 166 of the extension 226is releasably attached to the seed tube 128. In one example, describedin detail above, the upper segment 166 defines an elongate slot 176having a saw tooth pattern configured to cooperate with an attachmentfixed to the seed tube that define a complimentary saw tooth pattern.The cooperating saw tooth patterns allow the user to adjust the depththat the extension extends down in the furrow 110.

Referring again to FIG. 39, in one implementation, the bottom surface238 of the extension 226 defines a generally concave surface 240 thatacts to deflect seeds 112 into the vertex 120 of the furrow 110 afterthey exit the seed tube 128 and bounce around in the furrow 110. Theextension 226 includes sidewalls 242 defining a generally narrowingwidth to conform as much as possible to the V-shaped furrow 110 as theextension 226 extends therein. Aspects of the present invention,however, may be adapted for use with an extension that do not have aconcave bottom surface and does not have a narrowing width.

The depression 232 in the top surface 234 of the bottom segment 236comprises a rearward section 244, a first 246 and a second 248 angularlyorientated section, and a forwardly extending section 250. The rearwardsection 244 and the forward section 250 are defined generally along thelength of the extension 226 and in combination define a singlecontinuous depression 232. The combined depression 232 extends along thelength of the extension 226 in front of the second eyelet 198 b. Forreference, the second eyelet 198 b is located towards the rear of theliquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) when it is attached to afarming implement. The first angularly oriented section 246 extends fromthe combined depression 232 to one side 252 of the extension 226. Thesecond angularly oriented section 248 extends from the combineddepression 232 to the opposite side of the extension.

The depression 232 is formed, in one example, to receive thecorresponding tubular portions of some of the embodiments of the liquiddistribution apparatus described herein. FIGS. 40–42 illustrate a sideview and a top view, respectively, of the extension 226 with anembodiment of the two outlet liquid distribution apparatus 228 receivedin the depression 232. Particularly, the supply channel 200 of theliquid distribution apparatus 228 is received in the forward section 250of the depression 232, and the two outlets (202 a, 202 b) are eachreceived in the respective first 246 and second 248 angularly orientatedsections. No portion of the liquid distribution apparatus 228 isreceived in the rearward section 244. In this implementation of theextension 226, the first and second angularly orientated sections (246,248) are swept rearwardly to conform to the orientation of the outlets(202 a, 202 b).

To distribute liquid into the furrow 110, the supply channel portion 200of the Y-shaped liquid distribution apparatus 228 is fluidly connectedwith the liquid supply hose 196. In one example, both the supply channel200 and the liquid supply hose 196 are inserted into a sleeve 256 sothat liquid 114 may flow from the supply hose 196 to the liquiddistribution apparatus 228. The outlets (202 a, 202 b) are arranged todistribute liquid 114 onto opposing sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 wellabove the vertex region 120 where the majority of the seeds 112 arelocated.

The depression 232 locates the liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230)forwardly of the second eyelet 198 b. Other embodiments, such as thoseshown in FIGS. 5, 6, and others, illustrate the supply portion of theliquid distribution apparatus within the second eyelet 198 b, and theoutlets (202 a, 202 b) to the rear of the second eyelet 198 b. In theseembodiments, liquid 114 is distributed on the sidewalls 122 nearer tothe vertex 120 of the furrow 110. From the seed tube 128, the extension118 extends rearwardly and downwardly toward the vertex 120 of thefurrow 110. The extension 118 also narrows as it extends down into thefurrow 110. Referring again to FIGS. 40–42, by locating the outlets (202a, 202 b) forwardly of the second eyelet 198 b and generally furtherfrom the rear of the liquid distribution apparatus 228, the outlets (202a, 202 b) are higher on the extension 226. This causes the liquid 114 tobe distributed higher on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 above theseeds 112 in the vertex region 120. In some instances, the outlets (202a, 202 b) are lengthened as compared with other implementations so thatthey extend to the sides (252, 254) of the extension along its widersections. By lengthening the outlets (202 a, 202 b), the distance orwidth between the outlets increases, which also causes liquid 114 to bedistributed higher on the sidewalls 122. As mentioned above, placing theliquid 114 higher on the sidewalls 122 and thus further from the seeds112 in the vertex 120 allows a higher concentration of liquid 114 to bedistributed in the furrow 110.

The extension 226 may include a clamp that secures the sleeve 256, thesupply hose 196, and the liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) to theextension 226. The sleeve 256 is placed in the clamp 258 to receive theliquid supply hose 196 and the supply channel 200, and the clamp 258secures them together within the sleeve 256. By loosening the clamp 258,the various embodiments of the liquid distribution apparatus may beswapped out quickly and efficiently. For example, if the user desires tochange from a sidewall distribution configuration to a vertexdistribution configuration, then a two outlet configuration may beexchanged for a straight one outlet configuration (see FIGS. 43–44discussed below).

The clamp 258 may be a bracket 262 fixed to the sleeve 256 by way ofbolts 264, screws, or the like. To receive the bolts 264 or screws, theextension 226 may define a raised area 260 defining one or more threadedapertures. To facilitate repeated loosening and tightening of the clamp258, a threaded sleeve formed from a metallic or other durable materialmay be fixed within the apertures defined in the extension 226. Inanother alternative, a hinged clamp 266 may be used. The hinged clamp266 is fixed to the extension 226 along one side of the sleeve 256 andalso provided with a hinge 268. The clamp may then be arranged to pivotover the sleeve 256, and snap into a receiver 270 located on theopposite side of the sleeve 256.

FIGS. 43–44 illustrate a side view and a top view, respectively, of theextension 226 with a single outlet liquid distribution apparatus 230received in the depression 232. The single outlet distribution apparatus230, in one example, is a straight section of hose 272 defining an inlet274 and an outlet 276. The inlet 274 is fluidly connected with theliquid supply hose 196. The inlet region 274 is inserted in the sleeve256, which also receives the liquid supply hose 196. The sleeve 256, theinlet 274 of the straight hose 272, and the liquid supply hose 196 arethen secured to the extension 226 with the clamp 258. A portion 278 ofthe hose 272 between the inlet 274 and the outlet 276 is arranged withinthe second eyelet 198 b to further secure the hose 272 to the extension226. The outlet 276 of the hose 272 is arranged adjacent the very rearof the extension 226 to deposit liquid 114 on the seeds 112 located inthe vertex 120 region of the furrow 110.

The length of hose between the sleeve 256 and the second eyelet 198 b islocated in the continuous portion of the depression 232 running alongthe length of the extension 226 in front of the second eyelet 198 b. Thedepression 232 helps to locate the hose 272 when it is being inserted inthe sleeve 256, and also helps to secure the hose 272 to the extension226 during use so that it is not dislodged.

For a user to switch from the two outlet liquid distribution apparatus228 to the single outlet 230, or vice versa, the user first loosens theclamp 258. The user then removes the liquid distribution apparatus (228,230) by pulling it free from the sleeve 256. The new liquid distributionapparatus (228, 230) is then inserted into the sleeve 256, located inthe depression 232, and the clamp 258 tightened. Thus, removal andreplacement of liquid distribution apparatuses (228, 230) may beperformed quickly and efficiently by the user.

The depression 232 helps to locate the liquid distribution apparatus(228, 230) when it is being installed. To properly connect a liquiddistribution apparatus (228, 230) to an extension 226, after insertioninto the sleeve 256, but before clamping, the user places the liquiddistribution apparatus (228, 230) within the depression 232, and thenclamps it to the extension 226. Thus, the liquid distribution apparatus(228, 230) can be consistently located to the extension 226. This isespecially useful for the two outlet embodiment 228. It is important forthe outlets (202 a, 202 b) to be properly located to distribute liquid114 into the furrow 110. For example, if the outlets (202 a, 202 b) werearranged closer to the rear of the extension 226, then the liquid 114would be distributed closer to the vertex 120 of the furrow 110, whichmight cause damage to the seeds 112 if a high concentration liquid 114is used. The depression 232 ensures that the two outlets (202 a, 202 b)are always located along the same part of the extension 226. The usercan also verify that a liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) has notbeen dislodged during use by determining whether the liquid distributionapparatus (228, 230) is located correctly within the depression 232.

While the extension 226 is being pulled through the furrow 110, it mayrun into any number of obstructions, such as the sidewalls 122, mud anddirt falling onto the extension 226, and rocks or other debris in thefurrow 110. Such obstructions may act to dislodge or dislocate theliquid distribution apparatus, which can result in liquid 114 beinginadvertently deposited in unintended regions of the furrow 110. Forexample, if the two outlet liquid distribution apparatus 228 isdislodged so that one of the outlets 202 is near the center of theextension 226, liquid 114 might be distributed on the seeds 112 when itwas intended to be distributed along the sidewall 122.

The depression 232 also helps to keep the liquid distribution apparatus(228, 230) consistently located along the extension 226 when variousobstructions are encountered during planting. Portions of the liquiddistribution apparatus (228, 230) are encompassed within the depression232, which protect those portions from contact with the obstructions. Inone implementation, the depression 232 is about half the height of theliquid distribution apparatus (228, 230). Thus, about half of the liquiddistribution apparatus (228, 230) is encompassed by the depression 232.Due to constraints of the plastic injection molding process, the depthsof the angularly oriented sections (246, 248) of the depression 232adjacent the sidewalls 242 may be shallower.

FIG. 45 illustrates an isometric view of alternative embodiment of theextension 226 with both a two outlet liquid distribution apparatus 228and a single outlet liquid distribution apparatus 230 connected thereto.FIGS. 46 and 47 illustrate a side view and a top view, respectively, ofthe extension 226 and liquid distribution apparatuses (228, 230) shownin FIG. 45. The implementation of the extension 226 illustrated in FIGS.45–47 may be used to distribute liquid 114 on the sidewalls 122 of thefurrow 110 or in the vertex 120 of the furrow 110 directly on the seeds112. This embodiment may be used to also distribute liquid 114 on thesidewalls and in the vertex 120 at the same time.

As with other embodiments shown herein, a liquid supply hose 196 aextends downwardly to the extension 226. To provide for a second fluid,a second liquid supply hose 196 b also extends down to the extension226. About midway along the length of the upper segment of the extension226, a bracket 280 extends upwardly from the extension 226 defining twoeyelets (282, 284). The lower eyelet 282 secures the first supply hose196 a to the extension and the second eyelet 284 secures the second hose196 b to the extension 226. The bracket 280 having the two eyelets (282,284) defined thereon is similar to the bracket and the single eyelet 198a described with reference to FIGS. 5–8 and others. In oneimplementation, the two eyelets (282, 284) define an aperture with aradius larger than that of the associated liquid supply hose (196 a, 196b) so that flexing of the extension 226 will not disconnect the liquiddistribution apparatuses (228, 230) from the supply hoses (196 a, 196b). The liquid supply hoses (196 a, 196 b) are configured such that thesecond supply hose 196 b is located generally above the first supplyhose 196 a.

As with other embodiments described herein, the two outlet liquiddistribution apparatus 228 is fluidly connected with the first supplyhose 196 a. The supply channel 200 is inserted into the sleeve 256 awhich also receives the supply hose 196 a. The supply channel 200 andoutlets (202 a, 202 b) of the liquid distribution apparatus 228 arereceived in the depression 232 defined in the top surface 234 of theextension 226. The two outlet liquid distribution apparatus 228 is thusconfigured to deposit liquid 114 on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110well above the vertex 120 of the furrow where the seeds 112 are located.

The single outlet liquid distribution apparatus 230 is placed generallyabove the two outlet liquid distribution apparatus 228 and also extendsthrough the second eyelet 198 b at the rear end of the extension 226.The single outlet liquid distribution apparatus 230 is fluidly connectedwith the second supply hose 196 b. The outlet of the supply hose and theinlet of the single liquid distribution apparatus are received in asecond sleeve 256 b arranged above the first sleeve 256 a. The main bodyof the single liquid distribution apparatus extends downwardly betweenthe rearward intersection of the two outlets (202 a, 202 b) of the twooutlet liquid distribution apparatus 228 and into the rearward sectionof the depression 232. The region of the single outlet liquiddistribution apparatus adjacent the outlet 276 is located within thesecond eyelet 198 b. The outlet 276 is located adjacent the rear of theextension 226. Thus, the single outlet liquid distribution apparatus 230is oriented to distribute liquid 114 directly into the vertex 120 of thefurrow 110 and onto the seeds 112 therein.

To further secure both the single and two outlet liquid distributionapparatuses (228, 230) to the extension 226, a single large clamp 286 isprovided that fits over both sleeves (256 a, 256 b). When the clamp 286is fixed or tightened to the extension 226, it holds both the two outletand the one outlet liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) within thesleeve and also holds the supply hoses (196 a, 196 b) within the sleeves(256 a, 256 b).

To distribute liquid 114 onto the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110, intothe vertex 120 of the furrow 110, or both, the user connects therespective supply hose 196 to the appropriate liquid supply tank. Tochange which liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) is supplyingliquid to the furrow, the user merely has to connect the correct supplyhose (196 a, 196 b) to the correct tank. Such a set-up makesreconfiguration of the liquid distribution into the furrow 110 astraightforward task. The required liquid distribution apparatus (228,230) and supply hoses (196 a, 196 b) may be permanently connected to theextension. Thus, changing liquid distribution patterns merely requiresthe correct supply hose be connected to the correct supply tank.

Using the extension with two liquid distribution apparatus, the user mayalso distribute a first liquid 114 a into the vertex 120 of the furrow110 on the seeds 112 and distribute a second liquid 114 b on thesidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 above the seeds 112. For example, theuser may wish to place a high concentration liquid fertilizer high up onthe sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 and at the same time provide waterdirectly onto the seeds 112 in the furrow 110 during the planting. Thusthe first supply hose 196 a supplying liquid to the two outlet liquiddistribution apparatus 228 would be connected to a liquid fertilizertank, and the second supply hose 196 b supplying liquid to the singleoutlet liquid distribution apparatus 230 would be connected to a watertank.

In alternate embodiments of the invention, other structures for securingthe liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) to an extension are alsopossible. For example, as shown in the exploded isometric view of FIG.48 and the assembled isometric view of FIG. 49, an extension 290 may beemployed having a pair of protrusions 292 deployed to retain orotherwise secure the liquid distribution apparatus 228. In oneparticular implementation, the protrusions 292 are formed on oppositesides of a centerline 293 along the length of the upper surface 291 ofthe lower segment 299 of the extension 290. Each protrusion 292 isconfigured to receive a screw 294 by way of an aperture 295. Theprotrusions 292 are a polymer-based material formed through injectionmolding along with the remainder of the extension 290, in an example.

The protrusions 292 shown are generally of an upstanding elongaterectangular arrangement. Other shapes and sizes are also possible. Forexample, the protrusions may define a prong, the protrusion may extendfor a greater or lesser length along the upper surface, and theprotrusions may be of differing height.

As shown further in FIGS. 48 and 49, a two outlet liquid distributionapparatus 228, along with a liquid supply hose 196 fluidly connected tothe supply channel 200 of the liquid distribution apparatus 228, isplaced between the protrusions 292. A retaining plate 228 having a hole297 corresponding to the aperture 295 of each protrusion 292 is thenplaced atop the protrusions 292 so that each hole 297 aligns with theaperture 295. A screw 294 is then rotated into the aperture 295 of eachof the protrusions 292, thereby immovably affixing the liquiddistribution apparatus 228 to the extension 290. The aperture 295 may bethreaded or not, depending on whether the screws 294 employed are of aself-tapping nature.

The use of the screws 294 allow the rapid changing of one type of liquiddistribution apparatus 228 for another while allowing a secureattachment between the liquid distribution apparatus 228 and theextension 290. Alternate embodiments may employ different types offasteners, such as posts, clips, and other structures to secure theliquid distribution apparatus 228 between the protrusions 292.

In alternate embodiments, the protrusions 292 may each also include aflange 298, as indicated in FIGS. 48 and 49, oriented parallel to andalong opposite sides of the supply channel 200 of the liquiddistribution apparatus 228, further helping to maintain the liquiddistribution apparatus 228 in a stationary position, even when theliquid distribution apparatus 228 makes contact with soil, rocks, andother debris while traveling within the seed furrow. Therefore,attaching the liquid distribution apparatus 228 to the extension 290 insuch a secure manner aids in the consistent application of variousliquids, such as water, fertilizers, insecticides, starters andinoculants, to the desired area of the seed furrow.

In addition to the advantage of immovably securing the liquiddistribution apparatus 228, the protrusions 292, along with theirassociated flanges 298, help divert soil, rocks, and other debris awayfrom the liquid distribution device 28 while traveling within the seedfurrow to prevent inordinate wear of the liquid distribution apparatus228.

The protrusions 292 typically are spaced at such a distance that theliquid distribution apparatus 228 fits snugly between the protrusions292 to further aid in preventing the liquid distribution apparatus 228from rotating or sliding in relation to the extension 290.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 50, a retaining plate 300 may define apair of downwardly extending prongs 302 adapted to snap intocorresponding apertures 304 defined in the sidewalls 306 of a protrusion292. Removal of the plate is achieved by imposing a downward force onthe upper surface of the plate 300 to cause the prongs 302 to flareoutwardly and disengage from the apertures 304 in the protrusionsidewalls 306.

In still other embodiments, the protrusions 292 may define an inwardflange 308 (as shown in FIG. 51) or an inward curve along the top edge.In either arrangement, the spacing between the lower portions of theprotrusions 292 is greater than between upper portions. Arranged assuch, with spacing so that the diameter of the supply tube 196 isgreater than that between the upper portions of the protrusions 292, theliquid distribution apparatus 228 may be pressed between the protrusionsand retained by the top portions or flanges 308 of the protrusions 292.Thus, in either arrangement a retaining plate may not be necessary.

Although FIGS. 48–51 indicate the use of the two outlet liquiddistribution apparatus 228, which is typically used for application ofliquids to the sidewalls of the seed furrow, other devices, such as theone outlet liquid distribution device 230, as described above, may beused in conjunction with these embodiments to allow the distribution ofliquid at the bottom of the seed furrow. Furthermore, both a one outletand two outlet liquid distribution device (228, 230) may be usedsimultaneously where taller protrusions 292 are employed.

While various embodiments of the invention have been particularly shownand described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art thatvarious other changes in the form and details may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is definedby the following claims.

1. An extension for use with a planter for properly placing seeds in aseed furrow, the planter including a liquid supply hose for distributingliquid into the seed furrow, the seed furrow having a centrally locatedbottom portion and a first sidewall and a second sidewall, the firstsidewall and the second sidewall extending upwardly and outwardly fromthe centrally located bottom portion of the seed furrow, said extensioncomprising: an elongate flexible body member defining a generallyarcuate shape which provides a generally downwardly and rearwardlysweeping orientation, and also defining an upper segment and a lowersegment; the upper segment attachable to the planter; the lower segmentcomprising an upper surface; the lower segment configured to dependdownwardly and rearwardly from the planter and extendible into thefurrow; and a first and second protrusions extending upwardly from theupper surface, the first and second protrusions being adapted to supporta liquid distribution apparatus therebetween.
 2. The extension of claim1, wherein the planter comprises a furrow opener.
 3. The extension ofclaim 1, wherein the planter comprises a seed tube.
 4. The extension ofclaim 1, wherein the upper surface defines a centerline along a lengthof the lower segment, the first and second protrusions being located onopposing sides of the centerline.
 5. The extension of claim 1, whereinthe first and second protrusions each define an aperture configured toreceive a fastener for securing a retainer plate to the first and secondprotrusions.
 6. The extension of claim 5, wherein the fastener is ascrew.
 7. The extension of claim 1, wherein the first and secondprotrusions each define an aperture for receiving prongs of a retainerplate.
 8. The extension of claim 1, wherein the first and secondprotrusions each define an inward curve configured to retain the liquiddistribution apparatus.
 9. The extension of claim 1, wherein the firstand second protrusions each define an inward flange configured to retainthe liquid distribution apparatus.
 10. The extension of claim 1, whereinthe first and second protrusions each include a flange oriented parallelto a centerline of the upper surface.
 11. The extension of claim 1,wherein the lower segment further comprises a lower surface having adownwardly convex shape.
 12. The extension of claim 1, wherein the lowersegment defines a decreasing width dimension between a first side and asecond side of the lower segment.
 13. The extension of claim 1, theliquid distribution apparatus comprising: a supply channel fluidlyconnected with the liquid supply hose; and a distribution channel influid connection with the supply channel.
 14. The extension of claim 13,further comprising: a retainer plate secured to the first and secondprotrusions.
 15. The extension of claim 14, further comprising: at leastone fastener being received by the first and second protrusions tosecure the retainer plate against the first and second protrusions,whereby the liquid distribution apparatus is securely mounted to theextension.